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Dr Ranjeet Kumar, Consultant Pediatrician, Orchid Medical Centre
A child needs more care than an adult. The child specialists diagnose illness and ensure the overall health of your child. A child specialist provides unique medical care to children and focuses entirely on paediatrics well-being. During the initial months and years of your child’s life the visit to a doctor is very frequent, be it for overall health check-up and growth monitoring or for the regular vaccination. So, it’s better to get comfortable with the doctor and discuss the smallest things that are causing the problem to your child’s health.
Different Illness of children that are being managed at our hospital are:-
Neurocysticercosis is a preventable parasitic infection of the central nervous system and is caused by the pork tapeworm Taenia solium. Humans become infected after consuming undercooked food, particularly pork, or water contaminated with tapeworm eggs, or through poor hygiene practices. It is a leading cause of epilepsy worldwide. Common symptoms of neurocysticercosis include:
Nephrotic Syndrome – It is a kidney disorder that causes the body to excrete too much protein in the urine. Nephrotic syndrome is often caused by damage to small blood vessels in the kidneys that filter waste and excess water from the blood. An underlying health condition usually plays a role.
Nephritic Syndrome – Nephritic syndrome is characterized by glomerular capillary damage leading to hematuria, pyuria, water retention, and subsequent hypertension and oedema. It can be caused by a variety of conditions including autoimmune, hereditary, and infectious diseases. Nephritic diseases can manifest with varying degrees of severity, ranging from asymptomatic hematuria to systemic involvement, as in rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The urine sediment is typically characterized by red blood cell casts, mild to moderate proteinuria and sterile pyuria.
UTI and VUR and other renal diseases – Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined by ≥ 5 × 104 colonies/mL in a catheterized urine specimen or, in older children, by repeated voided specimens with ≥ 105 colonies/mL. In younger children, UTIs are frequently associated with anatomic abnormalities. UTI may cause fever, failure to thrive, flank pain, and signs of sepsis, especially in young children. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a condition in which urine flows backwards from the bladder to one or both ureters and sometimes to the kidneys. VUR is most common in infants and young children.
Pericardial Effusion – Pericardial effusion is the buildup of extra fluid in the space around the heart. If too much fluid builds up, it can put pressure on the heart. This can prevent it from pumping normally in children. It is caused by bacterial and viral infections, connective tissue disease, metabolic disorders and malignancies. Echocardiography is an accurate and sensitive, bedside, non-invasive diagnostic tool. Pericardial drainage can be achieved either by percutaneous catheter drainage or by surgery.
Pleural Effusion – A pleural effusion is the accumulation of excessive fluid in the pleural space, the potential space that surrounds each lung. Excess fluid within the pleural space can impair inspiration by upsetting the functional vacuum and hydrostatically increasing the resistance against lung expansion, resulting in a fully or partially collapsed lung. Symptoms include coughing, sharp chest pain or shortness of breath. Pleural drainage can be achieved by pleural tap, pleural intercostal drainage tube, VATS or thoracotomy depending upon the cause and duration.
Gastrointestinal Diseases – “My tummy hurts” — that’s something every parent hears. But if it seems like a child complains about stomach problems all the time, they may have a serious digestive disorder. These conditions have different causes but share many of the same symptoms such as Nausea, pain abdomen, Diarrhea, Vomiting and Dehydration (from diarrhoea and vomiting). The most common GI disease are acute gastroenteritis, celiac disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, constipation, lactose intolerance, food allergy, etc.
Liver Disease – Impairment in the function of the liver may lead to various abnormalities such as Jaundice, Cholestasis, Liver enlargement, Portal hypertension, Esophageal varices, Ascites. A fluid buildup in the abdominal cavity, Hepatic encephalopathy, Liver failure, Abnormal bleeding, Severe itching and Fatigue. It may occur due to several causes such as infectious, metabolic, autoimmune, obstructive and poisoning.
Hypothyroidism – When the thyroid gland doesn’t make enough thyroid hormone it’s called hypothyroidism. Congenital hypothyroidism is when the disorder is present in a baby at birth. If not treated, it can lead to serious health problems. The most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism is the failure of the thyroid gland to grow before birth. Sometimes the gland is present but doesn’t make the thyroid hormones.
Diabetes Ketoacidosis – Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of relative insulin deficiency affecting primarily type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM). DKA is so named due to high levels of water-soluble ketone bodies (KBs), leading to an acidotic physiologic state. DKA could cause critical symptoms or occur secondarily to another illness. In newly diagnosed diabetic children, there may be a history of polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss, fatigue, lack of concentration, poor school performance, or recurrent infection. Abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting are also common.
Sick Patient management – Intubation and mechanical ventilation, Central line insertion ( Subclavian and femoral line), Pericardial Catheterisation, Pleural tap, Peritoneal dialysis, Status epilepticus, Acute severe asthma, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Lumbar Puncture, Umbilical vein catheterization, Myocarditis, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, High Flow Nasal Cannula.
Call us today to book your appointment with one of the best paediatricians in Ranchi, Dr Ranjeet Kumar, Consultant paediatrician, at one of the best hospitals in Ranchi, Orchid Medical Centre.
Dr Ranjeet Kumar, Consultant Pediatrician, Orchid Medical Centre