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A woman's reproductive organs constantly change through the normal processes of ageing, sexual activity and pregnancy. But sometimes, gynaecological conditions can affect the normal functioning of the reproductive organs, which include the organs in the abdominal and pelvic area, such as the ovaries, vagina, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vulva. These problems can be treated by seeing a gynaecologist who can diagnose and treat the condition. In this post, we will look at some of the most common gynaecological disorders. 

Endometriosis

This is a gynaecological condition caused by the tissue that lines the uterus, called endometrium, which grows outside the uterus. This growth most commonly occurs in the ovaries, in the bowels, bladder, and behind the uterus. The tissue can also develop in other parts of the body, but it's quite rare. The condition can cause lower back, abdominal, or pelvic pain, heavy periods, and even infertility. If you suffer from these symptoms, you can immediately see a female gynaecologist in Ranchi for some relief from the pain.

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Ovarian Cysts

Many women develop a cyst in the ovary at least once in their lifetime. Most cysts are painless and show no symptoms. Ovarian cysts can be of many types:

• Corpus luteum cyst: This occurs when the follicle does not dissolve after releasing an egg and the opening seals close. The liquid accumulates inside the follicle and causes a cyst to form.
• Follicle cyst: This type of cyst occurs when a follicle where the egg rows do not break open; thus, the fluid inside the follicle causes a cyst. 

Some women develop a large number of cysts, which is called PCOS or Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. This condition may enlarge the ovaries if left untreated and may cause infertility. The symptoms of PCOS include painful bowel movements, abdominal bloating or swelling, painful intercourse, nausea and vomiting, pelvic pain before or during the menstrual cycle, pain in the lower back or thighs, and breast tenderness. Symptoms like fever, sharp pelvic pain, rapid breathing, or dizziness may indicate a ruptured cyst or ovarian torsion. 

Bartholin's Cyst

Bartholin's glands are located between the vulva and vagina and are responsible for producing liquid to provide lubrication during sexual intercourse. Bartholin's cyst occurs when there is a slight lump on the labia. They do not usually cause pain when they are small but may cause discomfort and pain in the vulva if they grow, especially when sitting, walking or during sexual intercourse. 

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Cervical dysplasia

This is a gynaecological disorder which occurs when the healthy cells in the cervix, located on the lower part of the uterus leading to the vagina, undergo abnormal changes caused by a sexually transmitted virus called HPV or human papillomavirus. These are abnormal cells which are not cancerous but can be cancerous if not treated early. This risk of cervical dysplasia can be reduced through HPV vaccine. The symptoms of this condition are not common, but abnormal bleeding can sometimes occur. 

Summing Up

These are only a few gynaecological disorders. There are many others, like cervical and uterine cancer, menopausal symptoms, menorrhagia, excessive bleeding, etc. Most of the discussed conditions exhibit no symptoms unless in their advanced stages. So, make sure you stay on top of your reproductive health with consistent appointments with your gynaecologist.

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